Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations in Glioma: Genetics, Biochemistry, and Clinical Indications

Yang Liu; Fengchao Lang; Fu-Ju Chou; Kareem A Zaghloul; Chunzhang Yang

doi:10.3390/biomedicines8090294

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations in Glioma: Genetics, Biochemistry, and Clinical Indications

Biomedicines. 2020 Aug 20;8(9):294. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8090294.

Authors

Yang Liu¹, Fengchao Lang¹, Fu-Ju Chou¹, Kareem A Zaghloul², Chunzhang Yang¹

Affiliations

¹ Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
² Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Abstract

Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) are commonly observed in lower-grade glioma and secondary glioblastomas. IDH mutants confer a neomorphic enzyme activity that converts α-ketoglutarate to an oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate, which impacts cellular epigenetics and metabolism. IDH mutation establishes distinctive patterns in metabolism, cancer biology, and the therapeutic sensitivity of glioma. Thus, a deeper understanding of the roles of IDH mutations is of great value to improve the therapeutic efficacy of glioma and other malignancies that share similar genetic characteristics. In this review, we focused on the genetics, biochemistry, and clinical impacts of IDH mutations in glioma.

Keywords: IDH mutation; cancer; glioma; therapy resistance.

Publication types

Review