We report a fatal case of measles inclusion-body encephalitis occurring in a woman from Romania with AIDS. After an extensive but unsuccessful diagnostic evaluation, a pan-pathogen shotgun metagenomic approach revealed a measles virus infection. We identified no mutations previously associated with neurovirulence.
Keywords: France; HIV/AIDS and other retroviruses; MIBE; brain biopsy; measles inclusion-body encephalitis; meningitis/encephalitis; metagenomic; viruses.