Osteogenesis, angiogenesis and immune response of Mg-Al layered double hydroxide coating on pure Mg

Shi Cheng; Dongdong Zhang; Mei Li; Xuanyong Liu; Yu Zhang; Shi Qian; Feng Peng

doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.07.014

Osteogenesis, angiogenesis and immune response of Mg-Al layered double hydroxide coating on pure Mg

Bioact Mater. 2020 Aug 11;6(1):91-105. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.07.014. eCollection 2021 Jan.

Authors

Shi Cheng^{1

2}, Dongdong Zhang³, Mei Li¹, Xuanyong Liu^{3

4}, Yu Zhang¹, Shi Qian^{3

4}, Feng Peng¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
² The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
⁴ Cixi Center of Biomaterials Surface Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315300, China.

Abstract

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are widely studied to enhance corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg alloys, which are promising bone implants. However, the influence of LDH coating on the osteointegration of Mg implants lacks of a systematic study. In this work, Mg-Al LDH coating was prepared on pure Mg via hydrothermal treatment. The as-prepared Mg-Al LDH coated Mg exhibited better in vitro and in vivo corrosion resistance than bare Mg and Mg(OH)₂ coated Mg. In vitro culture of mouse osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1) suggested that Mg-Al LDH coated Mg was more favorable for its osteogenic differentiation. In vitro culture of HUVECs revealed that cells cultured in the extract of Mg-Al LDH coated Mg showed superior angiogenic behaviors. More importantly, the immune response of Mg-Al LDH coated Mg was studied by in vitro culturing murine-derived macrophage cell line (RAW264.7). The results verified that Mg-Al LDH coated Mg could induce macrophage polarize to M2 phenotype (anti-inflammatory). Furthermore, the secreted factor in the macrophage-conditioned culture medium of Mg-Al LDH group was more suitable for the bone differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells (rBMSCs) and the angiogenic behavior of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Finally, the result of femoral implantation suggested that Mg-Al LDH coated Mg exhibited better osteointegration than bare Mg and Mg(OH)₂ coated Mg. With favorable in vitro and in vivo performances, Mg-Al LDH is promising as protective coating on Mg for orthopedic applications.

Keywords: Angiogenesis; Immune response; Layered double hydroxide; Magnesium; Osteogenesis.