Global burden of COVID-19: Situational analyis and review

Addis Adera Gebru; Tadesse Birhanu; Eshetu Wendimu; Agumas Fentahun Ayalew; Selamawit Mulat; Hussen Zakir Abasimel; Ali Kazemi; Bosenu Abera Tadesse; Beniam Adera Gebru; Berhanu Senbeta Deriba; Nigus Shimelis Zeleke; Abebe Gule Girma; Bulgantsetseg Munkhbat; Qamar Kassim Yusuf; Amana Ogeto Luke; Dejene Hailu

doi:10.3233/HAB-200420

Global burden of COVID-19: Situational analyis and review

Hum Antibodies. 2021;29(2):139-148. doi: 10.3233/HAB-200420.

Authors

Addis Adera Gebru^{1

2

3}, Tadesse Birhanu⁴, Eshetu Wendimu⁵, Agumas Fentahun Ayalew⁶, Selamawit Mulat⁷, Hussen Zakir Abasimel⁸, Ali Kazemi⁹, Bosenu Abera Tadesse¹⁰, Beniam Adera Gebru¹¹, Berhanu Senbeta Deriba¹², Nigus Shimelis Zeleke¹³, Abebe Gule Girma⁴, Bulgantsetseg Munkhbat⁴, Qamar Kassim Yusuf¹⁴, Amana Ogeto Luke², Dejene Hailu¹⁵

Affiliations

¹ International Relation Directorate Director, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
² Department of Public Health, Reft Valley University, College of Health Sciences, Abichu Campus, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
³ Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kotebe Metropolitan University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
⁴ Department of Animal Sciences (Specialist on Infectious Diseases), College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
⁵ Research and Community Services Vice President, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
⁶ Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
⁷ Injibara Woreda Health Office, Regulatory Officer, Injibara, Ethiopia.
⁸ Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
⁹ Department of Health Economics, School of Public Health, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
¹⁰ Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
¹¹ Addis Ababa City Adminstration Public Procurement and Materials, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
¹² Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
¹³ Department of Sociology, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
¹⁴ Northern Counties Community Empowerment, Garissa, Kenya.
¹⁵ Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences.

PMID: 32804122
DOI: 10.3233/HAB-200420

Abstract

Background: The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the major public health burden in the world. The morbidity and mortality of the global community due to this disease is dramatically increasing from time to time.

Objective: This situational analysis is aimed to analyse prevalence and incidence of COVID-19 and to provide clear information about this disease for the scientific community, stakeholders, healthcare practitioners and decision-makers.

Methods: The literatures were identified by searching the key relevant and officially known online databases: medRxiv, Google scholar and PubMed. The online databases contain archives of most English biomedical journals and scientific papers published online from 31 December to 3 April 2020 were included. After the literature search, articles were screened independently by two reviewers for eligibility.

Results: The world continents have confirmed a total of 1,202,320 confirmed COVID-19 cases: (51.2%) in Europe, (27.7%) in North America, (17.9%) in Asia, (1.96%) in South America and at less number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Africa and Australia which was accounted 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively. However, this review showed that there was a significant increase in the confirmed COVID-19 cases by 109,555 in Asia, 8,658 in Africa, 332,866 in North America, 20,269 in South America, 568,894 in Europe, 5,051 in Australia and 1,045,403 in the whole world, with the exception of Antartica, during the review period. The overall results showed that there were 1,098,762 cases and 59,172 deaths recorded during the review period. The result zero number of deaths with COVID-19 was observed in 66 countries.

Conclusion: The review concluded that COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 is the major public health burden in the world, the morbidity and mortality of global community is dramatically increasing from time to time. Strong collaboration among all sectors and the design of effective prevention and control strategies which include staying home, social/physical distancing, quarantine, testing of suspected patients, isolation and managing of the confirmed cases. Therefore, all countries should implement five major COVID-19 prevention and control programmes as soon as possible at community level.

Keywords: COVID-19; confirmed cases; deaths; prevention and control; review.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

COVID-19 / epidemiology*
COVID-19 / mortality
Cost of Illness
Global Health*
Humans
Pandemics*
Public Health