SARS-CoV-2 infection and early mortality of waitlisted and solid organ transplant recipients in England: A national cohort study

Am J Transplant. 2020 Nov;20(11):3008-3018. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16247. Epub 2020 Sep 16.

Abstract

Patients waitlisted for and recipients of solid organ transplants (SOT) are perceived to have a higher risk of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and death; however, definitive epidemiological evidence is lacking. In a comprehensive national cohort study enabled by linkage of the UK transplant registry and Public Health England and NHS Digital Tracing services, we examined the incidence of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent mortality in patients on the active waiting list for a deceased donor SOT and recipients with a functioning SOT as of February 1, 2020 with follow-up to May 20, 2020. Univariate and multivariable techniques were used to compare differences between groups and to control for case-mix. One hundred ninety-seven (3.8%) of the 5184 waitlisted patients and 597 (1.3%) of the 46 789 SOT recipients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Mortality after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 was 10.2% (20/197) for waitlisted patients and 25.8% (154/597) for SOT recipients. Increasing recipient age was the only variable independently associated with death after positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Of the 1004 transplants performed in 2020, 41 (4.1%) recipients have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with 8 (0.8%) deaths reported by May 20. These data provide evidence to support decisions on the risks and benefits of SOT during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • England / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Organ Transplantation*
  • Pandemics*
  • Registries*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • SARS-CoV-2*
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Tissue Donors*
  • Transplant Recipients*
  • Waiting Lists / mortality
  • Young Adult