Hydrothermally extraction of saponin from Acanthophyllum glandulosum root - Physico-chemical characteristics and antibacterial activity evaluation

Roza Najjar-Tabrizi; Afshin Javadi; Anousheh Sharifan; Kit Wayne Chew; Chyi-How Lay; Pau Loke Show; Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri; Aydin Berenjian

doi:10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00507

Hydrothermally extraction of saponin from Acanthophyllum glandulosum root - Physico-chemical characteristics and antibacterial activity evaluation

Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2020 Jul 23:27:e00507. doi: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00507. eCollection 2020 Sep.

Authors

Roza Najjar-Tabrizi¹, Afshin Javadi², Anousheh Sharifan¹, Kit Wayne Chew³, Chyi-How Lay^{4

5

6}, Pau Loke Show⁷, Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri⁸, Aydin Berenjian⁹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
² Department of Food Hygiene, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
³ School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
⁴ Master's Program of Green Energy Science and Technology, Feng Chia University, No. 100, Wenhwa Road, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
⁵ General Education Center, Feng Chia University, No. 100, Wenhwa Road, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
⁶ Green Energy and Biotechnology Industry Research Center, Feng Chia University, No. 100, Wenhwa Road, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
⁸ Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz 51335-1996, East Azarbaijan, Iran.
⁹ School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.

Abstract

Saponin was extracted from Acanthophyllum glandulosum root under subcritical water conditions, and effects of root powder and pH of the solution were evaluated on the concentration of the saponin as manifested in its foamability and antioxidant activity using RSM. FT-IR analysis indicated that A. glandulosum root extract had 2 main functional groups (hydroxyl and amide I groups). Saponin with the highest foam height (4.66 cm), concentration (0.080 ppm) and antioxidant activity (90.6 %) was extracted using 10 g of the root powder and pH value of 4. Non-significant differences were observed between the predicted and experimental values of the extraction response variables. The study demonstrated good appropriateness of resulted models by Response Surface Methodology. Furthermore, higher values of R² was attained for the foamability (>0.81) and antioxidant activity (>0.97), as well as large p-values (p > 0.05) indication of their lack-of-fit response verified the acceptable fitness of the provided models. The extracted saponin also showed bactericidal effect, which shows potential as a natural antibacterial compound.

Keywords: Acanthophyllum glandulosumroot; Antibacterial activity; Antioxidant activity; Hydrothermal extraction; Saponin.