Natural variation in specialised metabolites production in the leafy vegetable spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra L. (Briq.)) in Africa and Asia

E O Dêêdi Sogbohossou; Enoch G Achigan-Dako; Roland Mumm; Ric C H de Vos; M Eric Schranz

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112468

Natural variation in specialised metabolites production in the leafy vegetable spider plant (Gynandropsis gynandra L. (Briq.)) in Africa and Asia

Phytochemistry. 2020 Oct:178:112468. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112468. Epub 2020 Aug 7.

Authors

E O Dêêdi Sogbohossou¹, Enoch G Achigan-Dako², Roland Mumm³, Ric C H de Vos³, M Eric Schranz⁴

Affiliations

¹ Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Genetics, Horticulture and Seed Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP, 2549, Abomey-Calavi, Benin.
² Laboratory of Genetics, Horticulture and Seed Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP, 2549, Abomey-Calavi, Benin.
³ Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
⁴ Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: eric.schranz@wur.nl.

PMID: 32771676
DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112468

Abstract

The improvement and promotion of leafy vegetables, used for both food and medicine, benefits greatly from detailed knowledge of their health-promoting specialised metabolites. In the present study, we investigated the global metabolite variation in the leaves of 48 accessions of the leafy vegetable Gynandropsis gynandra using two complementary analytical platforms: liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for an untargeted comparison of non-volatile semi-polar metabolites and gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for an untargeted comparison of volatile metabolites. Our results revealed large variation in 936 semi-polar compounds including flavonoids, terpene glycosides, glucosinolates and various phenolic compounds. Unsupervised multivariate analysis indicated the variation in levels of the semi-polar metabolites was mainly driven by geography, with accessions from both West Africa and Asia forming a group clearly separated from East African accessions. Detected volatile metabolites included various sesquiterpenes, aldehydes, ketones, and sulphur-containing isothiocyanates. Variation in these compounds was however not geographically specific, but most likely linked to the taste and aroma of the leaves. The relative abundance in glucosinolates and isothiocyanates in the leaves allowed the clustering of accessions into two main groups that could be used for further plant-herbivore interaction studies. This study revealed both the broad spectrum of phytochemicals present in Gynandropsis gynandra leaves and the substantial variation in metabolite profiles among accessions from different regions of the world. Our results provide a basis for the development of breeding programs aiming at improving the levels of specialised metabolites in this tropical leafy vegetable for increased resistance against pests and diseases and improved human health.

Keywords: Cleomaceae; Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) briq.; Human health; Metabolite profiling; Plant defence; Spider plant.

MeSH terms

Africa
Africa, Western
Asia
Humans
Plant Leaves*
Vegetables*