Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of dual-function inhibitors targeting NMDAR and HDAC for Alzheimer's disease

Bioorg Chem. 2020 Oct:103:104109. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104109. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Abstract

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been indicated important roles in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, a series of novel compounds that contain a memantine moiety were designed to target HDACs and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) which are related to the treatment of AD. Biological characterization established that compound 9d exhibited a balanced inhibitory activity on NMDAR and HDACs. This compound is relatively selective to HDAC6 with IC50 of 0.18 μM and also maintains comparable activity on NMDAR (Ki = 0.59 μM) as memantine. Functionally, treatment with 9d increased the level of AcTubulin in MV4-11 cells and rescued PC-12 cells from H2O2-induced cytotoxicity with EC50 of 0.94 μM. Studies in mice also demonstrated that compound 9d efficiently penetrates the blood brain barrier to reach the brain tissue. Collectively, the results strongly encourage further development of 9d as a potential therapeutic agent for AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; HDACs inhibitor; Memantine moiety; NMDAR inhibitor; Neuroprotection.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy*
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Design*
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Histone Deacetylases / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / pharmacology
  • Isoenzymes / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Isoenzymes / metabolism
  • Molecular Structure
  • Neuroprotective Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Neuroprotective Agents / chemistry
  • Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology*
  • PC12 Cells
  • Rats
  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
  • Isoenzymes
  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Histone Deacetylases