Sit-to-Stand Kinetics and Correlates of Performance in Young and Older Males

Tyler M Smith; Garrett M Hester; Phuong L Ha; Alex A Olmos; Matthew T Stratton; Trisha A VanDusseldorp; Yuri Feito; Benjamin E Dalton

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2020.104215

Sit-to-Stand Kinetics and Correlates of Performance in Young and Older Males

Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Nov/Dec:91:104215. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104215. Epub 2020 Jul 30.

Authors

Tyler M Smith¹, Garrett M Hester², Phuong L Ha³, Alex A Olmos⁴, Matthew T Stratton⁵, Trisha A VanDusseldorp³, Yuri Feito³, Benjamin E Dalton³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, United States.
² Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, United States. Electronic address: ghester4@kennesaw.edu.
³ Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, United States.
⁴ Department of Kinesiology and Wellness, Georgia Highlands College, Cartersville, GA, 30121, United States.
⁵ Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States.

PMID: 32763756
DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104215

Abstract

Purpose: To compare sit-to-stand (STS) kinetics in young (YM) and older (OM) males and determine correlates of STS performance.

Methods: YM (n = 15, age = 20.7 ± 2.2 yrs) and OM (n = 15, age = 71.6 ± 3.9 yrs) performed a single STS task as quickly as possible on a force plate and the vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) signal was analyzed. Peak VGRF, as well as peak (100 ms rolling average), early (minimum VGRF to 50% peak VGRF), late (50% peak VGRF to peak VGRF), and overall (minimum VGRF to peak VGRF) rate of force development (RFD) were calculated. Power (absolute and relative) and velocity parameters as well as rate of electromyography rise (RER) were also obtained.

Results: STS time, average power, early RFD, and lower limb lean mass were similar between groups (p > 0.05). All other power, velocity, RFD, and RER measures were lower in OM (p < 0.05; d = 0.41-2.19). Peak VGRF and all RFD measures, except late RFD, were strongly correlated with STS performance in OM, while peak VGRF and peak RFD were only moderately correlated with performance in YM.

Conclusions: Most kinetic variables, except absolute average power, were diminished in OM, and there was a preferential decrease in late RFD compared to early RFD. Peak VGRF and RFD exhibited stronger correlations with STS time and power in OM compared to YM, and early RFD appears to be more influential for STS performance than late RFD. These findings may be useful for practitioners/clinicians involved in designing interventions aimed at optimizing STS performance in older adults.

Published by Elsevier B.V.