Diabetes and COVID-19 risk: an miRNA perspective

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2020 Sep 1;319(3):H604-H609. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00489.2020. Epub 2020 Aug 7.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes outcomes (CORONADO) trial revealed that 10.6% of patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVID-19 (COVID-19) die within 7 days. Several studies from New York, Italy, and China confirm that patients with diabetes are at a much higher risk for mortality due to COVID-19. Besides respiratory illness, COVID-19 increases cardiac injury and diabetic ketoacidosis. In the absence of specific guidelines for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 for patients with diabetes, they remain at higher risk and are more susceptible to COVID-19. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of basic knowledge on how diabetes affects pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In patients with diabetes, impaired glucose use alters metabolic and consequently biological processes instigating pathological remodeling, which has detrimental effects on cardiovascular systems. A majority of biological processes are regulated by noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs), which have emerged as a promising therapeutic candidate for several diseases. In consideration of the higher risk of mortality in patients with diabetes and COVID-19, novel diagnostic test and treatment strategy are urgently warranted in post-COVID-19 era. Here, we describe potential roles of miRNA as a biomarker and therapeutic candidate, especially for heart failure, in patients with diabetes and COVID-19.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; biomarker; cardiovascular disease; heart failure; noncoding RNA; therapeutic candidate.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • COVID-19
  • Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Coronavirus Infections / metabolism*
  • Coronavirus Infections / pathology
  • Diabetes Complications / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism
  • Pandemics
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / metabolism
  • Pneumonia, Viral / epidemiology
  • Pneumonia, Viral / metabolism*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / pathology

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • MicroRNAs
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
  • ACE2 protein, human
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2