Boost of serum resistance and storage stability in cationic polyprenyl-based lipofection by helper lipids compositions

Abstract

Lipofection is a widely used molecular biology technique and one of the most promising non-viral gene therapy strategies. However, one of the main drawbacks of using cationic lipids-based lipoplexes in DNA/RNA delivery is serum-associated inhibition of transfection. We have addressed this issue using PTAI (trimethylpolyprenylammonium iodides)-based lipofection model. To overcome serum-sensitivity we used 100 different formulations based on different PTAI, various helper lipids compositions, lipoplex surface modifications with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and precondensation of DNA with poly-L-lysine (PLL). Multicomponent helper lipids compositions boosted serum resistance and largely improved long-term storage of PTAI-based reagents. This was observed, in particular, for PTAI with longer isoprenoid chains. Additionally, our PTAI-based carriers were efficient for DNA and RNA delivery and safe for human red blood cells (RBC). Moreover, a broad array of the modifications used resulted in an important observation - a diverse susceptibility of various cell types to different compositions was noted. Overall, our results show that helper lipids composition mediates efficient serum-resistant DNA/RNA lipofection. Additionally, multicomponent PTAI-based reagents are promising gene delivery carriers both, at the cellular and organismal level.

Keywords: Cationic lipids; Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP); Gene therapy; Helper lipids; Lipofection; Non-viral gene transfer; Polyprenyl ammonium salts.