Medication therapy strategies for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): recent progress and challenges

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Sep;13(9):957-975. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1805315. Epub 2020 Aug 13.

Abstract

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread globally since it outbroke in December 2019. The urgent pandemic presents an unprecedented challenge to develop and identify effective medication therapy strategies to combat the COVID-19.

Areas covered: Here, we summarized and evaluated the current treatment drugs and regimens, and put forward the treatment recommendations, including using the potential repurposed or experimental drugs against COVID-19, e.g. chloroquine (CQ), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), remdesivir (RDV), and favipiravir (FPV). We also analyzed the specific drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 ongoing development and formulated the comprehensive treatment regimens based on condition of patients, diseases and drugs as well as concomitant medications.

Expert opinion: No drugs and vaccines have been proven to be particularly effective against SARS-CoV-2 up to now. The recommended comprehensive medication therapy strategies have already displayed favorable effect in the fight against COVID-19. Research should be focused on the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs and vaccines based on high-quality clinical trial evidence, treatment guidelines and expert consensus.

Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus disease; SARS-CoV-2; medication therapy; therapeutic strategies.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antiviral Agents / adverse effects
  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Betacoronavirus* / drug effects
  • COVID-19
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Coronavirus Infections / drug therapy*
  • Coronavirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Coronavirus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Global Health
  • Pandemics / prevention & control*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / drug therapy*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / epidemiology
  • Pneumonia, Viral / prevention & control*
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Viral Vaccines*

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Viral Vaccines