With the increasing development of internet, the security of personal information becomes more and more important. Thus, variety of personal recognition methods have been introduced to ensure persons' information security. Traditional recognition methods such as Personal Identification Number (PIN), or Identification tag (ID) are vulnerable to hackers. Then the biometric technology, which uses the unique physiological characteristics of human body to identify user information has been proposed. But the biometrics widely used at present such as human face, fingerprint, iris, and voice can also be forged and falsified. The biometric with living body features such as electromyography (EMG) signal is a good method to achieve aliveness detection and prevent the spoofing attacks. However, there are few studies on personal recognition based on EMG signal. According to the application context, personal recognition system may operate either in identification mode or verification mode. In the personal identification mode, the system recognizes an individual by searching the templates of all the users in the database for a match. While in the personal verification mode, the system validates a person's identity by comparing the captured features with her or his own template(s) stored in the system database. In this paper, both EMG-based personal identification method and EMG-based personal verification method are investigated. First, the Myo armband is placed on the right forearm (specifically, the height of the radiohumeral joint) of 21 subjects to collect the surface EMG signal under hand-open gesture. Then, two different methods are proposed for EMG-based personal identification, i.e., personal identification method based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and ExtraTreesClassifier, and personal identification method based on Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Experiments with 21 subjects show that the identification accuracy of this two methods can achieve 99.206% and 99.203% respectively. Then based on the identification method using CWT and CNN, transfer learning algorithm is adopted to solve the model update problem when new data is added. Finally, an EMG-based personal verification method using CWT and siamese networks is proposed. Experiments show that the verification accuracy of this method can achieve 99.285%.