Microglia and astrocyte dysfunction in parkinson's disease

Tae-In Kam; Jared T Hinkle; Ted M Dawson; Valina L Dawson

doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105028

Microglia and astrocyte dysfunction in parkinson's disease

Neurobiol Dis. 2020 Oct:144:105028. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105028. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Authors

Tae-In Kam¹, Jared T Hinkle², Ted M Dawson³, Valina L Dawson⁴

Affiliations

¹ Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
² Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
³ Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: tdawson@jhmi.edu.
⁴ Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: vdawson1@jhmi.edu.

Abstract

While glia are essential for regulating the homeostasis in the normal brain, their dysfunction contributes to neurodegeneration in many brain diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent studies have identified that PD-associated genes are expressed in glial cells as well as neurons and have crucial roles in microglia and astrocytes. Here, we discuss the role of microglia and astrocytes dysfunction in relation to PD-linked mutations and their implications in PD pathogenesis. A better understanding of microglia and astrocyte functions in PD may provide insights into neurodegeneration and novel therapeutic approaches for PD.

Keywords: Astrocyte; Glia; Microglia; Neurodegeneration; Neurodegenerative disease; Neuroinflammation; Parkinson's disease.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Astrocytes / metabolism*
Astrocytes / physiology
Glucosylceramidase / genetics
Glucosylceramidase / metabolism
Humans
Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2 / genetics
Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2 / metabolism
Microglia / metabolism*
Microglia / physiology
Parkinson Disease / genetics
Parkinson Disease / metabolism*
Parkinson Disease / physiopathology
Protein Deglycase DJ-1 / genetics
Protein Deglycase DJ-1 / metabolism
Protein Kinases / genetics
Protein Kinases / metabolism
Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / genetics
Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / metabolism
alpha-Synuclein / genetics
alpha-Synuclein / metabolism

Substances

alpha-Synuclein
Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
parkin protein
Protein Kinases
Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2
PTEN-induced putative kinase
Protein Deglycase DJ-1
Glucosylceramidase

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding