Study of chemical composition and nutritional values of vegetable wastes in Bangladesh

N G Das; K S Huque; S M Amanullah; S Dharmapuri; H P S Makkar

doi:10.1016/j.vas.2018.02.003

Study of chemical composition and nutritional values of vegetable wastes in Bangladesh

Vet Anim Sci. 2018 Mar 2:5:31-37. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2018.02.003. eCollection 2018 Jun.

Authors

N G Das¹, K S Huque¹, S M Amanullah¹, S Dharmapuri², H P S Makkar³

Affiliations

¹ Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh.
² Food Safety Officer, FAO Food Safety Programme, IPH Building (1st Floor), Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
³ Livestock Production Systems Branch, Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, Rome, Italy.

Abstract

The present study was conducted with the objectives of determining the chemical composition and nutritional value of vegetable waste (VW) of households and the marketplace for their suitability as ruminant feed. The crude protein, total digestible nutrients and extent of rumen degradability of dry matter (DM) of VW of households were 140.0 g kg^-1, 0.668 and 0.855, respectively; while those of the marketplace were 169.0 g kg^-1, 0.633 and 0.80, respectively. The levels of chromium and lead in each respectively, was 13.27 and 1.53 ng kg^-1DM; and 31.01 and 5.71 ng kg^-1DM. The total aflatoxins in VW of households was 3.08 µg kg^-1DM, and undetectable in VW from the marketplace. Considering the chemical composition and safety parameters studied, VW could preliminary be considered as animal feed. The feeding of processed marketplace VW (VWP) at 275 g kg^-1DM of a diet or 0.76% of live weight (LW) to growing bulls, replacing 50% of a concentrate mixture as supplement to a Napier silage diet for a period of 34 days reduced the total DM intake (0.0276 vs 0.0343 LW) without any significant (P > 0.05) changes in DM or protein digestibility. Blood urea levels (19.5 vs 23.67 mg dl^-1), and serum creatinine levels (1.37 vs 1.08 mg dl^-1) differed significantly (P > 0.05) between the two groups but were within normal physiological ranges. Therefore, it may be concluded that the level of incorporation of VWP would be less than 50% replacement of the concentrate in the diet. Further research is required to determine optimum inclusion levels in ruminant diets.

Keywords: BS, blood sugar; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CP, crude protein; Chemical composition; DM, dry matter; DMI, dry matter intake; FW, food wastes; GE, gross energy; GHG, greenhouse gases; HDL, high density lipoprotein; Hazardous compounds; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LW, live weight; ME, metabolizable energy; MTL, maximum tolerable level; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; Nutrient digestibility; Rumen degradability; SGOT, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; SGPT, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase; TDN, total digestible nutrients; VW, vegetable wastes; VWP, processed vegetable wastes; Vegetable wastes.