Fabrication, characterization, and application of ternary magnetic recyclable Bi2WO6/BiOI@Fe3O4 composite for photodegradation of tetracycline in aqueous solutions

Zhu Mengting; Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan; You Yanping; Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman; Ram Avtar; Dun Fu; Goh Hui Hwang

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110839

Fabrication, characterization, and application of ternary magnetic recyclable Bi₂WO₆/BiOI@Fe₃O₄ composite for photodegradation of tetracycline in aqueous solutions

J Environ Manage. 2020 Sep 15:270:110839. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110839. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

Authors

Zhu Mengting¹, Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan², You Yanping¹, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman³, Ram Avtar⁴, Dun Fu⁵, Goh Hui Hwang⁶

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems (Xiamen University), Ministry of Education, College of Ecology and Environment, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
² Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems (Xiamen University), Ministry of Education, College of Ecology and Environment, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China; China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Sepang, 43900, Malaysia. Electronic address: tonni@xmu.edu.cn.
³ Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
⁴ Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan. Electronic address: ram@ees.hokudai.ac.jp.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Mine Water Resource Utilization of Anhui Higher Education Institute, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, PR China.
⁶ School of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, 530004, China.

PMID: 32721303
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110839

Abstract

We aim at fabricating a ternary magnetic recyclable Bi₂WO₆/BiOI@Fe₃O₄ composite that could be applied for photodegradation of tetracycline (TC) from synthetic wastewater. To identify any changes with respect to the composite's morphology and crystal structure properties, ΧRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDS, PL and VSM analyses are carried out. The effects of Fe₃O₄ loading ratio on the Bi₂WO₆/BiOI for TC photodegradation are evaluated, while operational parameters such as pH, reaction time, TC concentration, and photocatalyst's dose are optimized. Removal mechanisms of the TC by the composite and its photodegradation pathways are elaborated. With respect to its performance, under the same optimized conditions (1 g/L of dose; 5 mg/L of TC; pH 7; 3 h of reaction time), the Bi₂WO₆/BiOI@5%Fe₃O₄ composite has the highest TC removal (97%), as compared to the Bi₂WO₆ (63%). After being saturated, the spent photocatalyst could be magnetically separated from solution for subsequent use. In spite of three consecutive cycles with 71% of efficiency, the spent composite still has reasonable photocatalytic activities for reuse. Overall, this suggests that the composite is a promising photocatalyst for TC removal from aqueous solutions.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Functional composite; Magnetic separation; Water treatment; ·OH.

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents*
Magnetic Phenomena
Magnetics
Photolysis
Tetracycline*

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Tetracycline