Promoter choice: Who should drive the CAR in T cells?

PLoS One. 2020 Jul 24;15(7):e0232915. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232915. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an effective treatment for B cell malignancies, with emerging potential for the treatment of other hematologic cancers and solid tumors. The strength of the promoter within the CAR cassette will alter CAR-polypeptide levels on the cell surface of the T cell-impacting on the kinetics of activation, survival and memory cell formation in T cells. In addition to the CAR, promoters can be used to drive other genes of interest to enhance CAR T cell function. Expressing multiple genes from a single RNA transcript can be effectively achieved by linking the genes via a ribosomal skip site. However, promoters may differ in their ability to transcribe longer RNAs, or could interfere with lentiviral production, or transduction frequencies. In this study we compared the ability of the strong well-characterized promoters CMV, EF-1, hPGK and RPBSA to drive functional expression of a single RNA encoding three products: GFP, CAR, plus an additional cell-survival gene, Mcl-1. Although the four promoters produced similarly high lentiviral titres, EF-1 gave the best transduction efficacy of primary T cells. Major differences were found in the ability of the promoters to drive expression of long RNA encoding GFP, CAR and Mcl-1, highlighting promoter choice as an important consideration for gene therapy applications requiring the expression of long and complex mRNA.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Gene Expression
  • Genetic Engineering / methods*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Lentivirus / genetics
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics*
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / genetics*
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • Transgenes / genetics

Substances

  • RNA, Messenger
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen

Grants and funding

This study was funded by The Cancer Society New Zealand (19.11) and The University of Otago Research Grant Committee (2019). ADM and AR received salary support from the Royal Society Marsden fund 18-UOO-188. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.