Gene biomarker discovery at different stages of Alzheimer using gene co-expression network approach

Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 22;10(1):12210. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69249-8.

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder. It is the most common type of dementia that has remained as an incurable disease in the world, which destroys the brain cells irreversibly. In this study, a systems biology approach was adopted to discover novel micro-RNA and gene-based biomarkers of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The gene expression data from three AD stages (Normal, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer) were used to reconstruct co-expression networks. After preprocessing and normalization, Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used on a total of 329 samples, including 145 samples of Alzheimer stage, 80 samples of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) stage, and 104 samples of the Normal stage. Next, three gene-miRNA bipartite networks were reconstructed by comparing the changes in module groups. Then, the functional enrichment analyses of extracted genes of three bipartite networks and miRNAs were done, respectively. Finally, a detailed analysis of the authentic studies was performed to discuss the obtained biomarkers. The outcomes addressed proposed novel genes, including MBOAT1, ARMC7, RABL2B, HNRNPUL1, LAMTOR1, PLAGL2, CREBRF, LCOR, and MRI1and novel miRNAs comprising miR-615-3p, miR-4722-5p, miR-4768-3p, miR-1827, miR-940 and miR-30b-3p which were related to AD. These biomarkers were proposed to be related to AD for the first time and should be examined in future clinical studies.

MeSH terms

  • Acetyltransferases / genetics
  • Alzheimer Disease / genetics
  • Alzheimer Disease / pathology*
  • Biomarkers / metabolism*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / genetics
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / pathology
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Databases, Genetic
  • Female
  • Gene Regulatory Networks / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism
  • RNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Transcription Factors / genetics
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • MicroRNAs
  • PLAGL2 protein, human
  • RNA-Binding Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • Acetyltransferases
  • MBOAT1 protein, human
  • RABL2B protein, human
  • rab GTP-Binding Proteins