Cholesterol metabolism: New functions and therapeutic approaches in cancer

Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2020 Aug;1874(1):188394. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188394. Epub 2020 Jul 19.

Abstract

Cholesterol and its metabolites (precursors and derivatives) play an important role in cancer. In recent years, numerous studies have reported the functions of cholesterol metabolism in the regulation of tumor biological processes, especially oncogenic signaling pathways, ferroptosis, and tumor microenvironment. Preclinical studies have over the years indicated the inhibitory effects of blocking cholesterol synthesis and uptake on tumor formation and growth. Besides, some new cholesterol metabolic molecules such as SOAT1, SQLE, and NPC1 have recently emerged as promising drug targets for cancer treatment. Here, we systematically review the roles of cholesterol and its metabolites, and the latest advances in cancer therapy targeting cholesterol metabolism.

Keywords: Cancer treatment; Cholesterol; Functions; Metabolism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biological Transport / drug effects
  • Cholesterol / metabolism*
  • Esterification / drug effects
  • Ferroptosis
  • Humans
  • Metabolic Networks and Pathways* / drug effects
  • Metabolic Networks and Pathways* / genetics
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Oxysterols / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Oxysterols
  • Cholesterol