Photoswitchable Antagonists for a Precise Spatiotemporal Control of β2-Adrenoceptors

J Med Chem. 2020 Aug 13;63(15):8458-8470. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00831. Epub 2020 Aug 4.

Abstract

β2-Adrenoceptors (β2-AR) are prototypical G-protein-coupled receptors and important pharmacological targets with relevant roles in physiological processes and diseases. Herein, we introduce Photoazolol-1-3, a series of photoswitchable azobenzene β2-AR antagonists that can be reversibly controlled with light. These new photochromic ligands are designed following the azologization strategy, with a p-acetamido azobenzene substituting the hydrophobic moiety present in many β2-AR antagonists. Using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor-based assay, a variety of photopharmacological properties are identified. Two of the light-regulated molecules show potent β2-AR antagonism and enable a reversible and dynamic control of cellular receptor activity with light. Their photopharmacological properties are opposite, with Photoazolol-1 being more active in the dark and Photoazolol-2 demonstrating higher antagonism upon illumination. In addition, we provide a molecular rationale for the interaction of the different photoisomers with the receptor. Overall, we present innovative tools and a proof of concept for the precise control of β2-AR by means of light.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Antagonists / chemistry
  • Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Azo Compounds / chemistry
  • Azo Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Drug Discovery
  • Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Light
  • Models, Molecular
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / metabolism*

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Antagonists
  • Azo Compounds
  • Ligands
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2
  • azobenzene