Comorbidity and prognostic factors on admission in a COVID-19 cohort of a general hospital

F Martos Pérez; J Luque Del Pino; N Jiménez García; E Mora Ruiz; C Asencio Méndez; J M García Jiménez; F Navarro Romero; M V Núñez Rodríguez

doi:10.1016/j.rce.2020.05.017

Comorbidity and prognostic factors on admission in a COVID-19 cohort of a general hospital

Rev Clin Esp. 2020 Jun 26;221(9):529-535. doi: 10.1016/j.rce.2020.05.017. Online ahead of print.

[Article in English, Spanish]

Authors

F Martos Pérez¹, J Luque Del Pino², N Jiménez García², E Mora Ruiz³, C Asencio Méndez², J M García Jiménez³, F Navarro Romero², M V Núñez Rodríguez²

Affiliations

¹ Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España. Electronic address: pacomartos1@gmail.com.
² Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.
³ Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, España.

Abstract

Antecedents and objective: To describe clinical features, comorbidity, and prognostic factors associated with in-hospital mortality in a cohort of COVID-19 admitted to a general hospital.

Material and methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 admitted from 26th February, who had been discharged or died, up to 29th April, 2020. A descriptive study and an analysis of factors associated with intrahospital mortality were performed.

Results: Out of the 101 patients, 96 were analysed. Of these, 79 (82%) recovered and were discharged, and 17 (18%) died in the hospital. Diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction to SARS-CoV-2 in 92 (92.5%). The mean age was 63 years, and 66% were male. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (40%), diabetes mellitus (16%) and cardiopathy (14%). Patients who died were older (mean 77 vs 60 years), had higher prevalence of hypertension (71% vs 33%), and cardiopathy (47% vs 6%), and higher levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and reactive C protein (mean 662 vs 335UI/L, and 193 vs 121mg/L respectively) on admission. In a multivariant analysis the variables significantly associated to mortality were the presence of cardiopathy (CI 95% OR 2,58-67,07), levels of LDH≥345IU/L (CI 95% OR 1,52-46,00), and age≥65 years (CI 95% OR 1,23-44,62).

Conclusions: The presence of cardiopathy, levels of LDH≥345IU/L and age ≥65 years are associated with a higher risk of death during hospital stay for COVID-19. This model should be validated in prospective cohorts.

Keywords: COVID-19; Cardiopathy; Cardiopatía; Factores pronósticos; Prognostic factors; SARS-CoV-2.