Cell-free DNA screening in twin pregnancies: A more accurate and reliable screening tool

Prenat Diagn. 2020 Sep;40(10):1321-1329. doi: 10.1002/pd.5797. Epub 2020 Jul 28.

Abstract

Objective: Outcome data from cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening in twin gestations are limited. This study adds an appreciable number of confirmed outcomes to the literature, and assesses performance of cfDNA screening in twins over a 4.5-year period at one large clinical laboratory.

Method: Prenatal cytogenetic and SNP microarray results were cross-referenced with cfDNA results for twin pregnancies, yielding 422 matched cases. Using diagnostic results as truth, performance of cfDNA screening in this population was assessed.

Results: Of the 422 twin pregnancies with both cfDNA and diagnostic results, 3 specimens failed amniocyte analysis, and 48 samples (11.5%) were nonreportable from the initial cfDNA draw. Analysis of the 371 reportable samples demonstrated a collective sensitivity of 98.7% and specificity of 93.2% for trisomies 21/18/13. Positive predictive values (PPVs) in this study population, which is enriched for aneuploidy, were 78.7%, 84.6%, and 66.7% for trisomy 21, 18, and 13, respectively.

Conclusion: CfDNA screening in a cohort of twin pregnancies with matched diagnostic results showed superior performance compared to traditional serum biochemical screening in twins. This study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that cfDNA is an accurate and reliable screening tool for the major trisomies in twin pregnancies.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cell-Free Nucleic Acids / analysis
  • Cell-Free Nucleic Acids / blood*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Maternal Serum Screening Tests* / methods
  • Maternal Serum Screening Tests* / statistics & numerical data
  • Microarray Analysis
  • Middle Aged
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy, Twin / blood*
  • Pregnancy, Twin / statistics & numerical data
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cell-Free Nucleic Acids