A Review of MicroRNA in Uveal Melanoma

Yi Fan Li; Li Dong; Yang Li; Wen Bin Wei

doi:10.2147/OTT.S253946

A Review of MicroRNA in Uveal Melanoma

Onco Targets Ther. 2020 Jul 1:13:6351-6359. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S253946. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Yi Fan Li^#¹, Li Dong^#¹, Yang Li¹, Wen Bin Wei¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common and aggressive primary intraocular tumor in adults. UM is classified as a malignant tumor with a strong tendency of metastasis, which always leads to poor outcomes. At present, the pathogenesis of UM remains unclear and lacks effective therapies. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs), defined as a group of 21-23 nucleotides single-stranded noncoding RNAs, play a significant role in UM. By binding to the complementary sites within the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of message RNAs (mRNAs), miRNAs regulate genes by decaying mRNAs or inhibiting their translation. Thus, miRNAs can modulate various biological behaviors of tumors, including cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, miRNAs have shown clinical applications by serving as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, regulating immune response, and functioning as epigenetic regulators. It is reasonable to believe that miRNAs have wide application prospects in the early diagnosis and therapy of UM.

Keywords: biomarker; immune response; microRNA; review; uveal melanoma.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81570891); Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7151003); the Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals’ Ascent Plan (DFL20150201); Advanced Health Care Professionals Development Project of Beijing Municipal Health Bureau (2014-2-003); The Capital Health Research and Development of Special (2020-1-2052); Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support (ZYLX201307); Science & Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z181100001818003, Z151100001615052).