Challenges in the treatment of sarcoma as a rare cancer include(1)inexperience of sarcoma physicians due to the small number of patients,(2)insufficient information due to the lack of evidence,(3)lack of opportunities to provide information to non-specialists and to educate young physicians,(4)low adherence to standard treatments presented in clinical practice guidelines,(5)insufficient number of researchers engaged in basic research on rare cancers and their research funds, and(6) low number of clinical trials for the development of orphan drugs. This paper describes the current status and future prospects for the centralization and networking of sarcoma treatment, problems in pathological diagnosis, clinical evidence creation, information provision and human resource development, and information dissemination and consultation support to sarcoma patients.