Catalytic inhibition of H3K9me2 writers disturbs epigenetic marks during bovine nuclear reprogramming

Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 13;10(1):11493. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67733-9.

Abstract

Orchestrated events, including extensive changes in epigenetic marks, allow a somatic nucleus to become totipotent after transfer into an oocyte, a process termed nuclear reprogramming. Recently, several strategies have been applied in order to improve reprogramming efficiency, mainly focused on removing repressive epigenetic marks such as histone methylation from the somatic nucleus. Herein we used the specific and non-toxic chemical probe UNC0638 to inhibit the catalytic activity of the histone methyltransferases EHMT1 and EHMT2. Either the donor cell (before reconstruction) or the early embryo was exposed to the probe to assess its effect on developmental rates and epigenetic marks. First, we showed that the treatment of bovine fibroblasts with UNC0638 did mitigate the levels of H3K9me2. Moreover, H3K9me2 levels were decreased in cloned embryos regardless of treating either donor cells or early embryos with UNC0638. Additional epigenetic marks such as H3K9me3, 5mC, and 5hmC were also affected by the UNC0638 treatment. Therefore, the use of UNC0638 did diminish the levels of H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 in SCNT-derived blastocysts, but this was unable to improve their preimplantation development. These results indicate that the specific reduction of H3K9me2 by inhibiting EHMT1/2 during nuclear reprogramming impacts the levels of H3K9me3, 5mC, and 5hmC in preimplantation bovine embryos.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blastocyst
  • Cattle
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cellular Reprogramming / genetics*
  • Cloning, Organism / methods
  • DNA Methylation / genetics*
  • Embryo Transfer / methods
  • Embryonic Development / genetics*
  • Epigenesis, Genetic / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / genetics
  • Histocompatibility Antigens / genetics
  • Histone Methyltransferases / genetics*
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / genetics
  • Nuclear Transfer Techniques
  • Oocytes / growth & development
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational / genetics
  • Quinazolines / pharmacology

Substances

  • Histocompatibility Antigens
  • Quinazolines
  • UNC 0638
  • EHMT1 protein, human
  • Histone Methyltransferases
  • EHMT2 protein, human
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase