The interest for varicocele in the determination of male infertility has increased during the last decades. Most researchers consider varicocele as the primary cause of male infertility, but recently another group of authors give it a secondary role in the alteration of spermatogenesis. We think that the major part of the controversy depends on an absence of a systematic approach to the problem. We give a primary importance to an accurate epidemiological evaluation which consists in a transversal and longitudinal survey of male subjects in puberal age. Our data show that left varicocele is practically inexsistent before the onset of puberty; the percentage incidence of this alteration increases progressively with puberal maturity and the tends to decrease slightly when maturity is complete. By correlating this pathology with puberty we can obtain more precise informations than when it is correlated to the regestrated age. The young patients who result suffering from varicocele, must be controlled carefully and periodically for the evaluation of the period and the opportunity of a therapeutic treatment.