Spiropiperidyl rifabutins: expanded in vitro testing against ESKAPE pathogens and select bacterial biofilms

J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2020 Dec;73(12):868-872. doi: 10.1038/s41429-020-0346-x. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Abstract

The expanded microbiological evaluation of a series of rifastures, novel spiropiperidyl rifamycin derivatives, against clinically relevant ESKAPE bacteria has identified several analogs with promising in vitro bioactivities against antibiotic-resistant strains of Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus. Thirteen of the rifastures displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) below 1 µg/ml against the methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant forms of S. aureus and E. faecium (MRSA, VRSA, VRE). Aryl-substituted rifastures 1, 11, and 12 offered the greatest bioactivity, with MICs reaching ≤0.063 µg ml-1 for these human pathogens. Further analysis indicates that diphenyl rifasture 1 had greater antibiofilm activity against S. aureus and lower cytotoxicity in mammalian HEK cells than rifabutin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Biofilms / drug effects*
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial
  • Enterococcus faecium / drug effects
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests / methods
  • Molecular Structure
  • Rifabutin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Rifabutin / pharmacology
  • Rifamycins / pharmacology
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Rifamycins
  • Rifabutin
  • rifamycin S