Aeroallergen sensitization profile in medically resistant chronic rhinosinusitis

Haitham Odat; Maulla Alali; Mohannad Al-Qudah

doi:10.1177/2050312120933809

Aeroallergen sensitization profile in medically resistant chronic rhinosinusitis

SAGE Open Med. 2020 Jun 25:8:2050312120933809. doi: 10.1177/2050312120933809. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Haitham Odat¹, Maulla Alali¹, Mohannad Al-Qudah¹

Affiliation

¹ Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Special Surgery, King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to report the aeroallergen sensitization profile in medically resistant chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps and its relationship to asthma.

Methods: Retrospective charts review of 402 chronic rhinosinusitis patients who failed to respond to medical treatment and scheduled for surgery at a tertiary academic center was performed. One hundred and fifty-five patients had chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and 247 patients had chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps, furthermore; the two phenotypes were subdivided according to the presence or absence of asthma. Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E to 24 inhalant allergens was measured to all patients by the enzyme allergo-sorbent test.

Results: The average age was 35 years (SD ± 13) with 236 males and 166 females. Two hundred and fifty-three patients (63%) were tested positive for at least one allergen with no significant difference between patients with or without polyp (in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, 103 patients (66%) were positive compared with 150 patients (61%) in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps). There were no significant differences in the prevalence, type, and number of positive allergens between the two phenotypes. The prevalence of asthma was found to be 19% in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps versus 46% in those with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (p = 0.001), and the prevalence of high eosinophils was 27%, and 47% in both phenotypes, respectively (p = 0.0001).

Conclusions: The prevalence of inhalational allergy in medically resistant chronic rhinosinusitis is high, however, this profile does not differ based on the presence of polyp. Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps had a higher prevalence of asthma and blood eosinophils as compared with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps. Our results showed a little role of inhalant allergens in nasal polyps or asthma comorbidity in refractory sinusitis patients.

Keywords: Chronic rhinosinusitis; allergy; atopy; polyp; rhinitis; serology; sinus surgery.