Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of ocular foreign bodies in our practice setting.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study with retrospective data collection at the Sainte Ivonne ophthalmology center in Lubumbashi. We studied 98 medical records of patients seen from January through December 2016 for an ocular foreign body. The parameters used for this study were: age, gender, profession, circumstances of the injury, nature of the foreign body, complications, location, entry site, management and prognosis.
Results: The frequency of ocular foreign bodies was 2.4%. We saw predominantly young subjects; the mean age was 33.18±17.98 years. Males predominated, with a frequency of 78.57% of the cases, for a gender ratio of 3.7 men to women. The circumstances of the injuries were primarily work-related (36.46% of cases). The type of foreign body was most commonly wood (41.8% of cases). The FB was corneal in 81.7% of cases, conjunctival (bulbar and tarsal) in 13.3% of cases, and limbal in 5% of cases. Treatment consisted of either simple removal (86.61% of cases) or removal with suturing for deeper foreign bodies (13.27% of cases). The functional results obtained were encouraging; 90.82% of patients recovered well with preservation of visual acuity. The majority of the complications consisted of superficial punctate keratopathy in 27.53% of cases and corneal ulcer in 26.53% of cases. The results of our study are consistent with those in the literature in terms of the frequent corneal location of FB's.
Conclusion: Ocular foreign bodies represent a situation of non-negligable severity and thus require proper early management in order to prevent progression to visual loss or blindness.
Keywords: Corps étranger; Foreign body; Frequency; Fréquence; Lubumbashi; Nature; Oculaire; Ocular; Type.
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