Marine Excitatory Amino Acids: Structure, Properties, Biosynthesis and Recent Approaches to Their Syntheses

Valentin A Stonik; Inna V Stonik

doi:10.3390/molecules25133049

Marine Excitatory Amino Acids: Structure, Properties, Biosynthesis and Recent Approaches to Their Syntheses

Molecules. 2020 Jul 3;25(13):3049. doi: 10.3390/molecules25133049.

Authors

Valentin A Stonik¹, Inna V Stonik²

Affiliations

¹ G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
² National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Palchevskogo, 17, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia.

Abstract

This review considers the results of recent studies on marine excitatory amino acids, including kainic acid, domoic acid, dysiherbaine, and neodysiherbaine A, known as potent agonists of one of subtypes of glutamate receptors, the so-called kainate receptors. Novel information, particularly concerning biosynthesis, environmental roles, biological action, and syntheses of these marine metabolites, obtained mainly in last 10-15 years, is summarized. The goal of the review was not only to discuss recently obtained data, but also to provide a brief introduction to the field of marine excitatory amino acid research.

Keywords: domoic acid; dysiherbaine; kainic acid; neodysiherbaine A.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Excitatory Amino Acids / chemistry*
Excitatory Amino Acids / metabolism*
Marine Biology*

Substances

Excitatory Amino Acids