Purpose: Evaluate the impact of fecal incontinence (FI) and chronic constipation (CC) on the quality of life (QoL) in a large population and determine if a threshold of symptom scores was associated with alterations to QoL.
Methods: A total of 422 outpatients with FI (n = 186), CC (n = 186), and mixed FI-CC (n = 50) referred for anorectal manometry were included prospectively. All patients completed a set of questionnaires to evaluate the severity of FI and CC (respectively Jorge and Wexner and KESS scores) and their impact on QoL (Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI)).
Results: The study population included 81.8% women. The QoL was altered to the same degree for both FI and CC, with significant more marked impairments in patients with mixed FI-CC (median GIQLI: 91 (71-108) vs. 91 (73-108) vs. 81 (57-97) respectively, p = 0.05). The symptom severity significantly but weekly correlated with the GIQLI score (r2 = - 0.454 for FI and r2 = - 0.483 for CC, p < 0.001). Thus, the large dispersion of the data flawed the identification of a threshold for symptom severity that could predict major impairment to QoL.
Conclusion: The QoL was equally altered for FI and CC. Although the symptom score severity was slightly but significantly associated with alterations to QoL, it was not possible to determine a threshold for symptom scores that predict an alteration to QoL. Therefore, the evaluation of QoL in parallel to the assessment of the symptom score is required to endorse the entire spectrum of the severity of CC or FI.
Keywords: Chronic constipation; Fecal incontinence; Quality of life; Sexual involvement.