Pest categorisation of Grapholita packardi

Abstract

The Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Grapholita packardi Zeller, (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), for the EU. G. packardi is a well-defined and distinguishable species. It is widely distributed in the USA and has a restricted distribution in Canada and Mexico. It is recognised as a pest of blueberry and cherry, and has occasionally been reported in apple, pear and plum. It is cited on quince and wild rosaceous plants such as Crataegus. Larvae feed on blueberry and cherry fruits internally and overwinter in pruned twigs. External evidence of infestation of cherries by young larvae is occasionally not detectable. In apple, fruit damage is less common; rather, the pest bores into terminal shoots of nursery stock and young orchard trees. Feeding damage spoils fruit quality and marketability and reduces crop yield. G. packardi is not known to occur in the EU and is listed in Annex IIAI of Council Directive 2000/29/EC under the synonym Enarmonia packardi. Host plants for planting and infested fruit could potentially provide a pathway into the EU. Considering the climatic similarities between North America and Europe, and that wild and commercial hosts occur widely within the EU, G. packardi has the potential to establish within the EU. There would be one to three generations per year, as in North America. Based on literature, blueberries and cherries are likely to be impacted more than apples and pears. Phytosanitary measures are available to reduce the likelihood of introduction of G. packardi. All criteria assessed by EFSA for consideration as a potential Union quarantine pest are met. As G. packardi is not known to occur in the EU, this criterion assessed by EFSA to consider it as a Union regulated non-quarantine pest is not met.

Keywords: Enarmonia packardi; cherry fruit worm; fruit pest; orchard pest; pest risk; plant health; quarantine.