Case Report: Dynamics of Acquired Fluoroquinolone Resistance under Standardized Short-Course Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Oct;103(4):1443-1446. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0201.

Abstract

We report a case of acquired fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance under short-course multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment. The patient was managed at Kabutare hospital, one of the two specialized MDR-TB clinics in Rwanda. A low dose of moxifloxacin was used in the first three critical months. Acquired resistance was identified at the ninth month of treatment, 3 months after stopping kanamycin in a strain initially susceptible only to FQs, kanamycin, and clofazimine. Fluoroquinolone resistance was detected in the same month by deep sequencing as routinely used second-line line probe assay and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing. High-dose FQ, preferably gatifloxacin, should be used to maximize effectiveness.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use
  • Clofazimine / therapeutic use
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / drug effects
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / genetics
  • Female
  • Fluoroquinolones / therapeutic use*
  • Gatifloxacin / therapeutic use
  • Genes, Bacterial
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Humans
  • Kanamycin / therapeutic use
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Moxifloxacin / therapeutic use
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / drug effects*
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / genetics
  • Rwanda
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / drug therapy*

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Kanamycin
  • Clofazimine
  • Gatifloxacin
  • Moxifloxacin