Comparative targeting analysis of KLF1, BCL11A, and HBG1/2 in CD34+ HSPCs by CRISPR/Cas9 for the induction of fetal hemoglobin

Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 23;10(1):10133. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-66309-x.

Abstract

β-hemoglobinopathies are caused by abnormal or absent production of hemoglobin in the blood due to mutations in the β-globin gene (HBB). Imbalanced expression of adult hemoglobin (HbA) induces strong anemia in patients suffering from the disease. However, individuals with natural-occurring mutations in the HBB cluster or related genes, compensate this disparity through γ-globin expression and subsequent fetal hemoglobin (HbF) production. Several preclinical and clinical studies have been performed in order to induce HbF by knocking-down genes involved in HbF repression (KLF1 and BCL11A) or disrupting the binding sites of several transcription factors in the γ-globin gene (HBG1/2). In this study, we thoroughly compared the different CRISPR/Cas9 gene-disruption strategies by gene editing analysis and assessed their safety profile by RNA-seq and GUIDE-seq. All approaches reached therapeutic levels of HbF after gene editing and showed similar gene expression to the control sample, while no significant off-targets were detected by GUIDE-seq. Likewise, all three gene editing platforms were established in the GMP-grade CliniMACS Prodigy, achieving similar outcome to preclinical devices. Based on this gene editing comparative analysis, we concluded that BCL11A is the most clinically relevant approach while HBG1/2 could represent a promising alternative for the treatment of β-hemoglobinopathies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anemia, Sickle Cell / genetics*
  • Anemia, Sickle Cell / therapy
  • Antigens, CD34
  • CRISPR-Cas Systems*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Fetal Hemoglobin / genetics*
  • Gene Editing / methods*
  • Gene Expression / genetics
  • Humans
  • Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / genetics*
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Mutation
  • Repressor Proteins / genetics*
  • gamma-Globins / genetics*

Substances

  • Antigens, CD34
  • BCL11A protein, human
  • Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors
  • Repressor Proteins
  • erythroid Kruppel-like factor
  • gamma-Globins
  • Fetal Hemoglobin