Antioxidant properties, glycemic indices, and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes activities of formulated ginger-based fruit drinks

Abstract

The global prevalence of hyperglycemia has been attributed to unhealthy lifestyle and diet. The study assessed the antioxidant properties, glycemic indices, and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes activities of ginger-based fruit drinks. Drinks prepared from blends of ginger (G), pineapple (P), and apple (A) at varied ratios-G50:P40:A10, G50:P30:A20, G50:P20:A30, G50:P10:A40, G100, and a commercial ginger drink (control) were analyzed for phenolic distribution and antioxidant properties using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) [ABTS] radical scavenging abilities. The ferric reducing antioxidant property (FRAP), the glycemic indices and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes activities were also investigated. G50:P10:A40 exhibited the highest phenolic distribution, highest DPPH^● , ABTS^●+ scavenging abilities as well as FRAP. All formulated ginger-based drinks exhibited low glycemic indices, the G50:P10:A40 showed the strongest inhibition against carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes. G50:P10:A40 blend may be suitable for the control of hyperglycemia and some degenerative conditions linked with oxidative stress. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Unchecked activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked to health disorders such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases. A practical approach to the management of the deleterious effect of ROS is through the consumption of foods rich in nutritional antioxidants. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is grown globally for its edible rhizome which has varied utilization in culinary and medicinal applications. Drinks produced from blends of ginger, pineapple, and apple were able to scavenge free radicals and able to exhibit hypoglycemic effects by inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes. The Ginger-based fruit drinks would, therefore, be an effective functional dietary drink in the management and prevention of diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: antioxidant properties; carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes; ginger; glycemic indices.