DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that forms an important regulation mechanism of gene expression in organisms across kingdoms. Aberrant patterns of DNA methylation can lead to plant developmental abnormalities. In this article, we briefly discuss DNA methylation in plants and summarize its functions and biological roles in regulating gene expression and maintaining genomic stability, plant development, as well as plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. We intended to provide a concise reference for further understanding of the mechanism of DNA methylation and potential applications of epigenetic manipulation for crop improvement.
DNA 甲基化是表观遗传学的一种重要修饰形式，也是一种重要的基因表达调控机制。DNA 甲基化的异常模式可导致植物生长发育异常。文中从植物DNA 甲基化模式入手，对DNA 甲基化在调控基因表达和维持基因组稳定性的分子功能、DNA 甲基化在植物发育、参与植物对生物和非生物胁迫的反应等方面的相关研究进行回顾和总结，为深入了解DNA 甲基化的作用机制并将DNA 甲基化应用于植物新品种的培育和遗传改良研究提供一定的参考。.
Keywords: DNA methylation; molecular function; plant growth; stress response.