Polycyclodextrins: Synthesis, functionalization, and applications

Farzad Seidi; Yongcan Jin; Huining Xiao

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116277

Polycyclodextrins: Synthesis, functionalization, and applications

Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Aug 15:242:116277. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116277. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Authors

Farzad Seidi¹, Yongcan Jin², Huining Xiao³

Affiliations

¹ Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China. Electronic address: f_seidi@njfu.edu.cn.
² Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology and Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
³ Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3 Canada. Electronic address: hxiao@unb.ca.

PMID: 32564845
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116277

Abstract

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides with unique conical structure enabling host-guest inclusion complexes. However, virgin CDs sufferfrom low solubility, lack of functional groups and its inability to strong complexation with the guests. One of the most efficient ways to improve the properties of cyclodextrins is the synthesis of polycyclodextrins. Generally, there are two types of polycyclodextrins: 1) polymers containing CD units as parts of the main backbone; and 2) polymers with CD units as side chains. These polycyclodextrins are produced (i) from direct copolymerization of virgin cyclodextrins or cyclodextrins derivatives with various monomers including isocyanates, epoxides, carboxylic acids, anhydrides, acrylates, acrylamides and fluorinated aromatic compounds, or (ii) by post-functionalization of other polymers with CDs or CD derivatives.. By selecting the proper derivatives of CDs and controlling the polymerization, polycyclodextrins with linear, hyperbranched, and crosslinked structures have been synthesized. Polycyclodextrins have found significant applications in numerous areas, as adsorbents for removal of organic pollutants, carriers in gene/drug delivery, and for preparation of supramolecular based hydrogels. The focus of this review paper is placed on the synthesis, characterization, and applications of CDs so as to highlight challenges as well as the promising features of the future ahead of material developments based on CDs.

Keywords: Cyclodextrin; Host-guest; Modification; Polycyclodextrin; Polymerization; Supramolecular.

Publication types

Review