Purpose: Cisplatin-pemetrexed is the first-line chemotherapy for advanced, metastatic non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the risk of kidney toxicity limits the therapeutic schedule. We performed a retrospective study of patient survival at 1 year and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) outcomes in cisplatin-pemetrexed-treated NSCLC patients.
Methods: Patients (P) treated for NSCLC between 2008 and 2014 were divided into two groups according to GFR at diagnosis: G1 (GFR ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2) and G2 (GFR between 60 and 89 mL/min/1.73 m2). GFR were compared in the two groups at 3 and 12 months. The following statistical methods were used: multivariate generalized estimating equation model for GFR outcome, Kaplan-Meier method for patient survival rate, and Cox model for analysing survival criteria.
Results: A total of 112 patients were included in the study (G1 = 87 P, G2 = 25 P). At 12 months, mean GFR significantly decreased by 28.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 (- 22.3%, p = 0.001) in G1 and. 13.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 (- 17.2%, p = 0.001) in G2. Median patient survival was 9.6 months (1.1-52.4) in G1 and 19.7 months (3.7-56.9) in G2. A better overall survival was significantly correlated with GFR between 60 and 89 mL/min/1.73 m2 at diagnosis (p = 0.04), and higher cumulated doses of pemetrexed (p = 0.003) and cisplatin (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: The better survival rate in G2 and its correlation with pemetrexed and cisplatin treatments suggest that, until other therapeutic choices become available, a cautious increase in dosage could be investigated as a way to improve poor prognoses.
Keywords: Chronic renal failure; Cisplatin; Glomerular filtration rate; Non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer; Pemetrexed.