Descriptive epidemiology of classical swine fever outbreaks in the period 2013-2018 in Colombia

Pilar Pineda; Adriana Deluque; Mario Peña; Olga Lucia Diaz; Alberto Allepuz; Jordi Casal

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0234490

Descriptive epidemiology of classical swine fever outbreaks in the period 2013-2018 in Colombia

PLoS One. 2020 Jun 17;15(6):e0234490. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234490. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Pilar Pineda¹, Adriana Deluque², Mario Peña², Olga Lucia Diaz², Alberto Allepuz^{1

3}, Jordi Casal^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
² Colombian Agriculture and Livestock Institute - ICA, Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia.
³ Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.

Abstract

Classical swine fever (CSF) is an infectious viral disease caused by an RNA virus belonging to the Pestivirus genus. A total of 134 outbreaks of CSF have occurred in the last seven years in the North of Colombia. The objective of this study was the characterization of the herds affected by CSF from 2013 to 2018. Most of the outbreaks (95%) occured in backyard piggeries. The principal causes of transmission of CSF were the introduction of infected pigs (38%), movements of people (37%) and unknown origin (13%). The epidemiological relationships with 15 affected farms explained 31 outbreaks. The overall attack and mortality rates were 39% and 32%, respectively. The main clinical signs were high fever (67%), incoordination of movements (54%), and prostration (52%). Seventy-three percent of the herds had not been vaccinated against CSF and 17% had been only partially vaccinated. A spatio-temporal analysis, using a Poisson regression model, revealed two clusters with high risk; the first and largest one from 2014 to 2016 had a relative risk (RR) of 13.4 and included part of the departments of Atlántico, Bolívar, Cesar, La Guajira, Norte de Santander, Magdalena and Sucre; and the second cluster (RR = 9.6 in 2016) included municipalities in the north of the department of Cordoba.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Classical Swine Fever / epidemiology*
Colombia
Disease Outbreaks / veterinary*
Farms / statistics & numerical data
Risk Factors
Spatio-Temporal Analysis
Swine

Grants and funding

The PhD of PP was funded by the program PIF fellowship of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) of Spain. The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.