Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells are able to self-renewal and differentiate to all blood lineages. With the development of new technologies, recent studies have proposed the revised versions of hematopoiesis. In the classical model of hematopoietic differentiation, HSCs were located at the apex of hematopoietic hierarchy. During differentiation process, HSCs progressively lose self-renewal potential to be commited to progenitors with restricted differentiation potential. For instance, HSCs first give rise to multipotent progenitor cells, then produce bipotent and unipotent progenitors, and finally differentiate to mature blood cells. For the differentiation of megakaryocytes, common myeloid progenitors derived from HSCs give rise to megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors and then develop to megakaryocytes. However, recent results show that megakaryocytes can be directly generated from HSCs without multipotent or bipotent phases. Alternatively, platelet-biased HSCs produce megakaryocyte progenitors. In this article, recent advances in the hematopoiesis and megakaryocyte differentiation pathway are reviewed.
题目: 造血干细胞的谱系分化--巨核细胞来源.
摘要: 摘要 造血干细胞（hematopoietic stem cell，HSC）是一类具有自我更新和多向分化潜能的细胞。既往的研究表明，造血干细胞是一个在功能、细胞命运和分子水平上具有高度异质性的细胞群体。传统的造血分化理论认为，伴随着细胞增殖分化的过程HSC逐渐丧失了自我更新能力，而这个过程是一个从多潜能到单潜能干细胞以及成熟细胞的分化过程。基于此理论，巨核细胞的发育路径依次为造血干细胞、共同髓系祖细胞、巨核红系祖细胞、巨核祖细胞直到巨核细胞最终成熟产板。随着技术方法的改进和研究水平的提高，有证据显示巨核细胞可以由HSC直接分化而来，而不需要经历多潜能或者双潜能的阶段，且HSC可能存在巨核细胞倾向的亚群。本文总结了近年来新的技术方法和动物模型，对巨核细胞的分化来源进行探讨.