To develop a more advanced 3D computed tomography of the chemiluminescence method, the first quantitative 3D diagnosis was realized. The nonlinearity coefficient, the nonuniformity coefficient of the camera response, and various optical fiber attenuation coefficients were obtained through correction experiments. The conversion relationship between the number of photons released by the target object per unit time and the camera gray value at a specified solid angle was also calibrated. To verify the quantitative reconstruction equation, 3D reconstructions of a methane-air flat flame and a simulated phantom were performed for comparison. The method can overcome artificial distortions caused by uncorrected reconstruction.