Beta Testing of a Gestational Diabetes Risk Reduction Intervention for American Indian and Alaska Native Teens

Abstract

Introduction: American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) girls have double the risk of obesity, pregnancy, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than the general U.S.

Population: The purpose of this study was to beta test Stopping GDM (SGDM), a GDM risk reduction intervention for at-risk AIAN teens, before beginning a randomized controlled trial.

Method: A sample of 11 AIAN mothers and daughters were recruited through an urban Indian health program. Daughters were at risk of GDM as assessed by a BMI ≥ 85th percentile. Pre- and posttest online questionnaires evaluated the online intervention (e-book and video).

Results: Mean pre- to posttest knowledge increased for mothers and daughters on diabetes prevention, reproductive health, and GDM knowledge. Daughters demonstrated an increased self-efficacy for healthy living and pregnancy planning. Satisfaction for the e-book, video, and online survey was moderately high to very high.

Discussion: The SGDM intervention is feasible and acceptable in AIAN mother-daughter dyads. These findings informed the SGDM intervention and the randomized controlled trial evaluation protocol.

Keywords: American Indian and Alaska Native; adolescent; gestational diabetes mellitus; preconception counseling; risk reduction.