Comparative evaluation of role of hs C -reactive protein as a diagnostic marker in chronic periodontitis patients

Shivangi Gupta; Prerna Suri; Pankaj Bajirao Patil; Jagadish Prasad Rajguru; Palak Gupta; Niraliben Patel

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1063_19

Comparative evaluation of role of hs C -reactive protein as a diagnostic marker in chronic periodontitis patients

J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Mar 26;9(3):1340-1347. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1063_19. eCollection 2020 Mar.

Authors

Shivangi Gupta¹, Prerna Suri², Pankaj Bajirao Patil³, Jagadish Prasad Rajguru⁴, Palak Gupta⁵, Niraliben Patel⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Periodontology and Implantology, MMCDSR, Deemed to be University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.
² Private Practitioner and Consultant Orthodontist, Mumbai, India.
³ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Deemed to be University, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
⁴ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Hi-Tech Dental College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
⁵ Private Practitioner Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
⁶ BDS, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

Abstract

Background and aim: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a type I acute phase protein, which can increase up to 1000 fold after the onset of a stimulus. It is a phylogenetically highly conserved plasma protein with homolog in vertebrates and many invertebrates that participate in systemic response to inflammation. Serum C-reactive protein levels are raised in patients with myocardial infarction and periodontitis, providing a potential mechanism to link destructive periodontal disease with an increased risk for other atherosclerotic complications. The purpose of the present study was to estimate and compare the levels of hs- C Reactive protein in chronic periodontitis patients before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 45 individuals of age group 30-60 years that was divided into two groups Group I (control) and Group II (patients with chronic generalized periodontitis). The clinical parameters such as plaque index, calculus index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and serum hs-CRP levels were recorded for these individuals.

Results: The patients with healthy gingiva possessed a mean hs-CRP level of 0.252 ± 0.0393 which was lower as compared to the patients with chronic periodontitis. In periodontitis patients mean levels of hs-CRP was 0.106 ± 0.029 which reduced to 0.044 ± 0.027 after periodontal therapy. A significantly elevated CRP level was found in subjects with periodontitis compared to the controls.

Conclusion: The serum levels of C-reactive protein were elevated in patients with periodontitis and this might be a diagnostic marker for cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: Gingiva; hs-CRP; periodontitis.