Quantification of mortality and morbidity attributed to the ambient air criteria pollutants in Shiraz city, Iran

Ziaeddin Bonyadi; Hossein Arfaeinia; Bahman Ramavandi; Mohsen Omidvar; Reza Asadi

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127233

Quantification of mortality and morbidity attributed to the ambient air criteria pollutants in Shiraz city, Iran

Chemosphere. 2020 Oct:257:127233. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127233. Epub 2020 May 31.

Authors

Ziaeddin Bonyadi¹, Hossein Arfaeinia², Bahman Ramavandi³, Mohsen Omidvar⁴, Reza Asadi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
² Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
³ Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. Electronic address: ramavandi_b@yahoo.com.
⁴ Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran. Electronic address: mohsenomidvar1359@gmail.com.
⁵ Department of Environment, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.

PMID: 32505953
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127233

Abstract

According to the epidemiological surveys, ambient air pollution has directly related to mortality and different diseases such as cardiovascular and respiratory defects. Among the atmospheric contaminants, criteria air ones (NO₂, O₃, PM_2.5/10, SO₂) demonstrated that have particular importance in the community disease. The overall goal of this paper was to study the impact of criteria air contaminants on the health of the inhabitants of Shiraz city, Iran. To accomplish this, the AirQ_2.2.3 software was applied. The results of the study revealed that the annual average NO₂, SO₂, PM_2.5, PM_10, and O₃ concentrations are 39.98, 27.6, 14.35, 46.16, and 120.03 μg/m³ in 2016 and 30.27, 23.97, 16.45, 51.65, and 52.58 μg/m³ in 2017. The total International Classification of Diseases (ICD), cardiovascular, and respiratory mortalities caused by air contaminants in Shiraz was predicted as 911, 628, and 182 cases in 2016, and 346, 370, and 82 cases in 2017, respectively. Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) had the greatest rate of total mortality with the attributable equivalent of 4.3% in 2016, but this value has been decreased to 0.42% in 2017. The findings of this research revealed that air contamination has caused problems in Shiraz city according to the predicted results. The findings of this work provide useful data for regional and national health policymakers, who should take decisions to develop strategies for control air contaminants and estimate the cost-effectiveness of interventions.

Keywords: AirQ model; Criteria air contaminants; Health effects; Mortality; Shiraz.

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants / analysis*
Air Pollution / statistics & numerical data
Cities
Humans
Iran
Particulate Matter / analysis*
Sulfur Dioxide / analysis

Substances

Air Pollutants
Particulate Matter
Sulfur Dioxide