Background: Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and poor sleep occur across all races/ethnicities in the U.S., although both are most common among racial/ethnic minorities. Few studies have investigated associations between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and various sleep dimensions in a multiethnic population.
Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional associations among 40,038 eligible Sister Study participants (enrollment: 2003-2009) who reported ever/never experiencing specific types of everyday (eg, treated unfairly at a store or restaurant) or major (eg, unfairly stopped, threatened, or searched by police) discrimination attributed to their race/ethnicity during a follow-up survey in 2008-2012. Participants also reported short sleep duration (<7 h), sleep debt (≥2-h difference between longest and shortest sleep duration), frequent napping (≥3 times/week), and insomnia. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between each type of racial/ethnic discrimination and each sleep dimension, overall and by race/ethnicity.
Results: Mean age was 55 ± 8.9 years, 89% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-white, 8% NH-black, and 3% Hispanic/Latina. NH-black participants were the most likely to report everyday (76% vs. 4% [NH-whites] and 36% [Hispanics/Latinas]) and major racial/ethnic discrimination (52% vs. 2% [NH-whites] and 18% [Hispanics/Latinas]). Participants who experienced both types versus neither were more likely to report short sleep duration (PR = 1.17 [95% CI: 1.09-1.25]) and insomnia symptoms (PR = 1.10 [1.01-1.20]) but not other poor sleep dimensions.
Conclusions: Racial/ethnic minority women were most likely to experience racial/ethnic discrimination, which was associated with certain poor sleep dimensions among women of all races/ethnicities.
Keywords: African Americans; Hispanic Americans; Racism; Sleep; Whites; Women.
Published by Elsevier B.V.