Occurrence, distribution, air-seawater exchange and atmospheric deposition of organophosphate esters (OPEs) from the Northwestern Pacific to the Arctic Ocean

Guangshui Na; Chao Hou; Ruijing Li; Yali Shi; Hui Gao; Shuaichen Jin; Yunze Gao; Liping Jiao; Yaqi Cai

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111243

Occurrence, distribution, air-seawater exchange and atmospheric deposition of organophosphate esters (OPEs) from the Northwestern Pacific to the Arctic Ocean

Mar Pollut Bull. 2020 Aug:157:111243. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111243. Epub 2020 May 29.

Authors

Guangshui Na¹, Chao Hou², Ruijing Li³, Yali Shi⁴, Hui Gao³, Shuaichen Jin³, Yunze Gao², Liping Jiao⁵, Yaqi Cai⁶

Affiliations

¹ College of Marine Environment and Ecology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China. Electronic address: gsna@nmemc.org.cn.
² College of Marine Environment and Ecology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
³ National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
⁵ Third Institute Of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, P.R.C, Xiamen 361005, China.
⁶ State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. Electronic address: caiyaqi@rcees.ac.cn.

PMID: 32469743
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111243

Abstract

Eleven organophosphate esters (OPEs) in air and seawater were investigated from the Northwestern Pacific to the Arctic Ocean. The concentration of Σ₁₁OPEs in air and seawater ranged from 231.56 to 1884.25 pg/m³ and from 8.47 to 143.45 ng/L, respectively. Halogenated OPEs dominated in both two media. The slight decreasing trend was observed for OPEs in gaseous air, no obvious trend for particle-bound OPEs and in seawater. The net air-seawater exchange flux ranged from -792.68 to 590.29 pg/m²/day. The dry deposition flux ranged from 16.4 to 185 ng/m²/day with high value observed at the Bering Strait (64.70 ng/m²/day). The relationship between temperature and OPEs particle-bound fractions suggests that temperature might be a driving factor of OPEs long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT). This research highlighted that OPEs are subject to LRAT from the Asian continent to the northwestern Pacific and Arctic Oceans and demonstrated the "sink" in polar regions of OPEs atmospheric transportation.

Keywords: Air-seawater exchange; Atmospheric deposition; Gas-particle partitioning; Organophosphate esters; Polar regions.

MeSH terms

Arctic Regions
Environmental Monitoring*
Esters*
Oceans and Seas
Organophosphates / analysis
Seawater

Substances

Esters
Organophosphates