Volatile profiling and UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS polyphenol analysis of Passiflora leschenaultii DC. fruits and its anti-radical and anti-diabetic properties

Abstract

Twenty-four phenolic compounds including daidzein, epicatechin and artepillin C were identified in Passiflora leschenaultii DC. fruit by UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS analysis. The aroma profile has been studied using the HS-SPME/GC-MS which revealed 67 volatile compounds including 13 terpenes, 18 alcoholics, 15 esters, ketones and phenolic acids. Further, the proximate composition, anti-radical and anti-diabetic activities of fruit pulp were also determined. The fresh fruit pulp of P. leschenaultii registered higher total phenolic (691.90 mg GAE/g extract) and tannin (313.81 mg GAE/g extract) contents and it also exhibited maximum DPPH (IC₅₀ of 6.69 µg/ml) and ABTS⁺ (9760.44 µM trolox equivalent/g extract) scavenging activities. The fresh fruit pulp showed a strong inhibition towards the α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase (IC₅₀ of 32.20 and 19.81 µg/mL, respectively) enzymes. Thus, the work stipulates that phenolic compounds rich P. leschenaultii fruit can serve as a potential nutraceutical, antioxidative and anti-diabetic agent in food and pharmaceutical formulations.

Keywords: GC–MS; HS–SPME; Passiflora leschenaultia; UHPLC-QqQ-MS; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase.