Background: We evaluated the role of CYP3A5, ABCB1 and SXR gene polymorphisms in the occurrence of acute kidney rejection in a cohort of pediatric renal transplant recipients.
Methods: Forty-nine patients were genotyped for CYP3A5, ABCB1 and SXR polymorphisms and evaluated with tacrolimus through levels in a retrospective monocenter study.
Results: Patients with the A allele of CYP3A5 treated with tacrolimus had a higher risk of acute rejection than those without the A allele, while patients carrying the homozygous GG variant for SXR A7635GG did not show any episode of acute rejection.
Conclusion: Genetic analysis of polymorphisms implicated in drug metabolism and tacrolimus trough levels may help to forecast the risk of acute rejection and individualize drug dosage in children undergoing renal transplantation.
Keywords: Acute rejection; CYP; Kidney transplantation; Pharmacogenomics; SXR; Tacrolimus.