CRISPR-Cas9 system: A genome-editing tool with endless possibilities

Swati Tyagi; Robin Kumar; Aparup Das; So Youn Won; Pratyoosh Shukla

doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.05.008

CRISPR-Cas9 system: A genome-editing tool with endless possibilities

J Biotechnol. 2020 Aug 10:319:36-53. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.05.008. Epub 2020 May 22.

Authors

Swati Tyagi¹, Robin Kumar², Aparup Das³, So Youn Won⁴, Pratyoosh Shukla⁵

Affiliations

¹ Genomic Division, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
² Department of Soil Science, Acharya Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya, India.
³ National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (ICMR-NIRTH), Jabalpur, India.
⁴ Genomic Division, National Institute of Agriculture Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: soyounwon@korea.kr.
⁵ Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India. Electronic address: pratyoosh.shukla@gmail.com.

PMID: 32446977
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.05.008

Abstract

The discovery of CRISPR: Cas9 and its application as a powerful gene-editing tool has transformed the world of basic and applied science, especially the molecular biology dome. Also, the smooth, quick, flexible, and very efficient nature of this technology has enabled the biologists to alter the genome of prokaryotes to complex eukaryotic systems, including plants and animals. Using CRISPR and associated tools, investigation, control, and modification of significant biological events have been more accessible than before. These biological scissors are now being used to accelerate breeding programs of crop and livestock, engineer new antimicrobials, and control disease-carrying pathogens. However, like other techniques, these cutters emerged as a double-edged sword and put several challenges to the scientific society. Here in this review article, we summarized the beneficial application of the CRISPR: Cas9 system and unsafe perception to the society if handled carelessly. We also discussed the limitations and ethical issues related to CRISPR: Cas9 technology.

Keywords: Agriculture; CRISPR-Cas9; Clinical applications; Industrial; Therapeutics.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Biomedical Research
CRISPR-Cas Systems*
Gene Editing* / ethics
Gene Editing* / methods
Gene Editing* / standards
Humans
Plants, Genetically Modified