Recent developments in biomaterials for long-bone segmental defect reconstruction: A narrative overview

Meng Zhang; Jukka P Matinlinna; James K H Tsoi; Wenlong Liu; Xu Cui; William W Lu; Haobo Pan

doi:10.1016/j.jot.2019.09.005

Recent developments in biomaterials for long-bone segmental defect reconstruction: A narrative overview

J Orthop Translat. 2019 Oct 8:22:26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.09.005. eCollection 2020 May.

Authors

Meng Zhang¹, Jukka P Matinlinna², James K H Tsoi², Wenlong Liu¹, Xu Cui¹, William W Lu^{1

3}, Haobo Pan¹

Affiliations

¹ Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
² Applied Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China.
³ Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.

Abstract

Reconstruction of long-bone segmental defects (LBSDs) has been one of the biggest challenges in orthopaedics. Biomaterials for the reconstruction are required to be strong, osteoinductive, osteoconductive, and allowing for fast angiogenesis, without causing any immune rejection or disease transmission. There are four main types of biomaterials including autograft, allograft, artificial material, and tissue-engineered bone. Remarkable progress has been made in LBSD reconstruction biomaterials in the last ten years.

The translational potential of this article: Our aim is to summarize recent developments in the divided four biomaterials utilized in the LBSD reconstruction to provide the clinicians with new information and comprehension from the biomaterial point of view.

Keywords: ADSC, allogenic adipose-derived stem cells; ALLO, partially demineralized allogeneic bone block; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ASC, adipose-derived stem cell; Allograft; Artificial material; Autograft; BMP-2 & 4, bone morphogenetic protein-2 & 4; BMSC, bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cell; BV, baculovirus; Biomaterial; CS, chitosan; DBM, decalcified bone matrix; FGF-2, Fibroblast Growth Factor-2; HDB, heterogeneous deproteinized bone; LBSD, long-bone segmental defect; Long-bone segmental defect reconstruction; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MIC, fresh marrow-impregnated ceramic block; MSC, autologous mesenchymal stem cells; PCL, polycaprolactone; PDGF, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; PDLLA, poly(DL-lactide); PET/CT, positron emission- and computed tomography; PLA, poly(lactic acid); PPF, propylene fumarate; SF, silk fibroin; TCP, tricalcium phosphate; TEB, combining ceramic block with osteogenic-induced mesenchymal stem cells and platelet-rich plasma; TGF-β, Transforming Growth Factor-β; Tissue engineering; VEGF, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; bFGF, basic Fibroblast Growth Factor; htMSCs, human tubal mesenchymal stem cells; nHA, nano-hydroxyapatite; poly, (L-lactide-co-D,L-lactide); rADSC, rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell; rVEGF-A, recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor-A; rhBMP-2, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; rhBMP-7, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 7; sRANKL, soluble RANKL; β-TCP, β-tricalcium phosphate.

Publication types

Review